2003 Congressional Pig Book

Introduction

When Congress passed the 2003 Omnibus Appropriations Bill on
February 13, 2003, the country was staring at a $300 billion budget
deficit and preparing for military action overseas. Instead of being
fiscally responsible, members of Congress loaded the bill up with
thousands of pork-barrel projects ranging from the National Peanut
Festival in Alabama to the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of
Fame in Texas.

Unlike it did during World War II and the Korean War, Congress
has failed to cut non-defense discretionary spending during the
War on Terrorism. The choices are clear. Should Congress spend
$1 million for oyster recovery in South Carolina, or marsh
restoration in New Hampshire, or the Bering Sea crab in Alaska, or
brown tree snakes in Hawaii? Or should that same $1 million be
used to buy one Tomahawk cruise missile to begin replacing the
thousands that are being used in Iraq? The American people know
the answer, but apparently Congress has yet to get the message.

This year’s total reveals that Congress porked out at record levels.
For fiscal 2003, appropriators stuck 9,362 projects in the 13
appropriations bills, an increase of 12 percent over last year’s total
of 8,341. In the last two years the total number of projects has
increased 48 percent. The cost of these projects in fiscal 2003 was
$22.5 billion, or 12 percent more than last year’s total of $20.1
billion. In fact, the total cost of pork has increased by 22 percent
since fiscal 2001. Total pork identified by Citizens Against
Government Waste (CAGW) since 1991 adds up to $162 billion.

The top three increases in pork from fiscal 2002 to fiscal 2003
were: District of Columbia from $10 million to $87 million (769
percent); Legislative Branch from $34 million to $71 million (108
percent); and Military Construction from $881 million to $1.2
billion (33 percent).

Alaska again led the nation with $611 per capita ($393 million), or
18 times the national pork average of $34. The runners up were
Hawaii with $283 per capita ($353 million) and the District of
Columbia with $262 per capita ($149 million). The common
thread in the top two states is that they are represented by powerful
senators and appropriators – then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), and Senate
appropriator Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii).

As Congress and the President debate the fiscal 2004 budget, they
should reject the pork and waste that was approved in fiscal 2003.
Only then can taxpayers be reassured that Washington will
adequately protect both their fiscal and physical security.

The 439 projects, totaling $3.2 billion, in this year’s Congressional
Pig Book Summary symbolize the most egregious and blatant
examples of pork. As in previous years, all of the items in the
Congressional Pig Book Summary meet at least one of CAGW’s
seven criteria, but most satisfy at least two:

• Requested by only one chamber of Congress;
• Not specifically authorized;
• Not competitively awarded;
• Not requested by the President;
• Greatly exceeds the President’s budget request or the previous year’s funding;
• Not the subject of congressional hearings; or
• Serves only a local or special interest.

I. Agriculture

Like children taking cookies from a jar, appropriators used the
Agriculture Appropriations Bill to satisfy their hunger for pork
with little regard to national needs. The United States Department
of Agriculture (USDA) has a very strict policy of not requesting
state- or commodity-specific research grants through the
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
(CSREES) special research grants program. Unfortunately,
Congress has a strict policy of not listening to USDA. In fact,
appropriators earmarked $112 million in CSREES grants, a 3,294
percent increase over USDA’s budget request of $3.3 million.
Total agriculture pork in fiscal 2003 was $478 million, or
5 percent more than fiscal 2002’s total of $454 million.

$44,239,000 for projects in the state of Senate Agriculture
Appropriations subcommittee member Tom Harkin (D-Iowa) and
House Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee member Tom
Latham (R-Iowa), including: $33,000,000 for the National Animal
Disease Center in Ames; $700,000 for the Midwest Poultry
Consortium; $280,000 for the Iowa Vitality Center; $235,000 for
dairy education; $210,000 for hoop barns; and $100,000 for the
Trees Forever Program.

$29,904,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Agriculture Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking
Member Thad Cochran (R-Miss.), including: $9,200,000 for the
Southern Horticulture Laboratory in Poplarville; $2,000,000 for
the plant propagation facility in Oxford; $750,000 for ornamental
crops research; $500,000 for catfish health in Stoneville; $350,000
for sweet potato research in Stoneville; and $100,000 for drainage
improvements on Watkins Drive in Jackson.

$19,973,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Agriculture
Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Herb Kohl (D-Wisc.) and
the district of House Appropriations Committee Ranking Member
David Obey (D-Wisc.), including: $8,400,000 for the Cereal
Crops Research Laboratory; $3,000,000 for the Nutrient
Management Research Laboratory in Marshfield; $550,000 for the
Wisconsin Department of Agriculture’s grazing lands initiative;
and $540,000 for urban horticulture.

$10,586,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$1,200,000 for seafood harvesting, processing, and marketing;
$700,000 for rural development; $631,000 for alternative salmon
products; $450,000 for the Kenai Streambank restoration water
project; $200,000 for seafood waste in Fairbanks; and $140,000 for
salmon quality standards.

$7,115,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Chairman Robert Byrd (D-W.Va.) and House
appropriator Alan Mollohan (D-W.Va.), including: $740,000 for
aquaculture product and marketing development; $690,000 for
agriculture waste utilization; $600,000 for water pollutants;
$180,000 for wetland plants; and $160,000 for feed efficiency.

$6,170,000 for wood utilization research (Alaska, Idaho, Maine,
Mich., Minn., Miss., N.C., Ore., and Tenn.). Since 1985, $73
million has been sapped from the taxpayers for this research.

$4,214,000 for shrimp aquaculture research (Ariz., Hawaii, La.,
Mass., Miss., S.C., and Texas). Since 1985, $57 million has been
appropriated for this research, which has become a staple of the
appropriators’ diet.

$3,342,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee member Mitch
McConnell (R-Ky.), including: $1,000,000 for waste management
research at Western Kentucky University; $800,000 for Forage-
Livestock Systems in Lexington; $300,000 for Boone County
conservation projects; and $250,000 for Knott County technical
assistance.

$2,650,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Ernest “Fritz” Hollings (D-S.C.): $1,900,000 for the
United States Vegetable Laboratory in Charleston; $500,000 for
swine lagoon alternatives research in Florence; and $250,000 for
cotton genetics research in Florence.

$2,250,000 for Pierce’s disease research in California, even though
state officials and industry professionals believe that the fight
against the glassy-winged sharpshooter (the carrier of the disease)
is coming to a successful end.

$1,225,000 for projects in the district of House Agriculture
Appropriations subcommittee member Ray LaHood (R-Ill.):
$800,000 for technologies for bio-based products; $225,000 to
limit transgene activities to specific tissues; and $200,000 to
improve the conversion of agricultural materials to biofuels.

$900,000 for Satsuma orange research in the state of Senate
appropriator Richard Shelby (R-Ala.) and House appropriators
Robert Aderholdt (R-Ala.), Sonny Callahan (R-Ala.), and Robert
Cramer (D-Ala.). The focus of this research is to determine new
methods for Satsuma orange production, an important crop in
Alabama, “under potentially unfavorable conditions.” Although
USDA has never requested funds for this project, Satsuma orange
research has received $2,173,955 since fiscal 2001, and its national
significance remains dubious.

$497,000 added by the House for projects in the district of House
Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee member Jo Ann
Emerson (R-Mo.): $297,000 for technological development of
renewable resources and $200,000 for rice agronomy.

$450,000 added by the House for oyster post-harvest treatment
research in the district of House Agriculture Appropriations
subcommittee member F. Allen Boyd (D-Fla.). According to
USDA testimony, “this research is focused on freezing as a postharvest
treatment” for oysters and shellstock products to reduce the
health risks for consumers in Florida. Since 2002, $850,000 has
been appropriated for this research.

$280,000 for asparagus technology and production in the state of
Senate appropriator Patty Murray (D-Wash.) and House
Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee member George
Nethercutt (R-Wash.). According to USDA officials, “the
asparagus industry in Washington and other states is suffering a
severe economic loss,” and “this research will enable Washington
asparagus producers to remain domestically and internationally
competitive.”

II. Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary

Americans are counting on the Departments of Commerce, Justice
and State to execute key objectives in the war on terror — to hold
together diplomatic coalitions, monitor intelligence for future
threats, guard borders, and bring terrorists to justice. Yet
appropriators diverted critically needed funds from the three
departments to fund pet projects. Compared with fiscal 2002, pork
rose 11 percent from $1.2 billion to $1.3 billion, and earmarks
increased 10 percent from 821 to 903.

$76,570,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Commerce
Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Ernest “Fritz” Hollings
(D-S.C.), including: $14,000,000 for the Charleston Border Patrol
Academy; $14,000,000 for the Bonneau Ferry; $1,500,000 for
shrimper assistance; $1,000,000 for oyster recovery; $600,000 for
the Charleston Bump; and $500,000 for seafood marketing.

$75,872,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Chairman Robert Byrd (D-W.Va.) and the district of
House Commerce Appropriations subcommittee member Alan
Mollahan (D-W.Va.), including: $66,600,000 for Federal Prison
System buildings and facilities in Hazleton; $3,000,000 for the
Marshall University Forensic Science Program; $100,000 for the
Mason County Sheriff’s Office to investigate and respond to Oxy
Contin abuse; and $72,000 for the Lewis County Sheriff’s
Department for an upgraded records management system and an
automated dispatching system.

$40,582,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$3,000,000 for Ketchikan National Marine Fisheries Service
facilities; $2,000,000 for the Kodiak Pier; $1,000,000 for the
Alaska Native Justice Center; $1,000,000 for the Bering Sea crab;
$750,000 for the city of Wasilla for a regional dispatch center;
$350,000 for Partners for Downtown Progress; and $225,000 for
the Beluga Whale Committee.

$37,657,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Commerce Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member
Judd Gregg (R-N.H.) and the district of then-House appropriator
John Sununu (R-N.H.), including: $20,000,000 for Federal Prison
System buildings and facilities in Berlin; $1,000,000 for marsh
restoration; and $300,000 for the New Hampshire Department of
Corrections to purchase digital radios.

$23,180,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Thad Cochran (R-Miss.), including: $6,000,000 for
Grand Bay; $3,000,000 for the National Center for Justice and the
Rule of Law at the University of Mississippi School of Law;
$2,200,000 for Deer Island; $850,000 for Simpson County for a
public safety automated technologies system; $500,000 for Ocean
Springs to equip an emergency management and public safety
facility; and $250,000 for the Warren County Sheriff’s Department
for technology enhancements.

$21,086,000 added in conference for projects in the district of
House appropriator Henry Bonilla (R-Texas): $10,486,000 for
Eagle Pass Border Patrol Station; and $5,300,000 each for the
Laredo Checkpoint System and the Del Rio Checkpoint System.

$19,200,000 for projects in the state of Senate Commerce
Appropriations subcommittee member Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii),
including: $7,800,000 for Hawaiian sea turtles; $2,025,000 for
Mu’olea Point; $825,000 for Hawaiian monk seals; and $500,000
for Hawaiian Community Development.

$11,925,000 for projects in the state of Senate Commerce
Appropriations subcommittee member Herb Kohl (D-Wisc.) and
the district of House Appropriations Committee Ranking Member
David Obey (D-Wisc.), including: $3,000,000 for the Milwaukee
Police Department to purchase and install mobile digital radios in
its squad cars and increase public access to data; $1,000,000 for
the Madison Police Department’s Consolidated Communications
Project; $500,000 for the Eau Claire County Police
Communications Project for a computer aided dispatch and records
management system; and $125,000 for the Ashland County
Sheriff’s Department for a school resource officer program.

$500,000 added in conference for the First Tee Program. Its
mission is to “impact the lives of young people around the world
by creating affordable and accessible golf facilities to primarily
serve those who have not previously had exposure to the game and
its positive values.”

$100,000 added in conference for culinary education training for
an at-risk youth program at Johnson and Wales University in
Miami-Dade County, Florida.

III. Defense

In testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee on June
28, 2001, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld reaffirmed his
commitment to the fiscal and physical defense of the country. He
said, “We have an obligation to taxpayers to spend their money
wisely. We need to ask ourselves: how should we be spending
taxpayer dollars? We are doing two things: First, we are not
treating the taxpayers’ dollars with respect – and by not doing so,
we risk losing their support, and Second, we are depriving the men
and women of our Armed Forces of the training, equipment and
facilities they need to accomplish their missions. They deserve
better. We need to invest that money wisely.” CAGW couldn’t
agree more, especially after 9/11 and during a war with Iraq.
Unfortunately, appropriators aren’t listening to Secretary
Rumsfeld. Total pork increased 25 percent over fiscal 2002 from
$8.8 billion to $11 billion. Projects also increased 22 percent
from 1,404 to 1,711.

$226,275,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Defense
Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Daniel Inouye
(D-Hawaii), including: $46,800,000 for the Pacific Missile Range
Facility; $19,700,000 for the Hawaii Federal Health Care Network;
$6,375,000 for automated clinical practices guidelines; $5,950,000
for Project Albert; $4,300,000 for the Center of Excellence for
Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance (the Center for
Mediocrity received no funding); $3,400,000 each for the Navy’s
Endeavor program and strategic materials; $2,550,000 for the
Pacific Rim Corrosion Project; and $1,000,000 for brown tree
snakes.

$103,600,000 added for projects in the state of Senate Defense
Appropriations subcommittee member Richard Durbin (R-Ill.),
House Speaker Dennis Hastert (R-Ill.), and House appropriators
Ray LaHood (R-Ill.) and Jesse Jackson Jr. (D-Ill.), including:
$28,000,000 for the LITENING AT precision attack targeting
system; $5,000,000 for Life Science Education and Research;
$3,000,000 for dental research; and $1,000,000 for the Charles
Melvin Price Support Center.

$97,008,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$8,500,000 each for utilidors at Eielson Air Force Base and Fort
Wainwright; $7,694,000 for the Alaska Wide Mobile Radio
Program; $7,600,000 for the High Frequency Active Auroral
Research Program (HAARP); $4,300,000 for hybrid electric
vehicle testing; and $1,275,000 for the Tanana River Bridge Study.
Initially designed to capture energy from the aurora borealis
(northern lights), HAARP is now being configured to heat up the
ionosphere to improve military communications. Instead, HAARP
is heating up the ire of many taxpayers. Web surfers can check out
<www.haarp.alaska.edu> to see how their tax dollars are being
spent. Since 1995, CAGW has identified $90.4 million
appropriated for HAARP.

$23,100,000 added by the House for projects in the district of then-
House Defense Appropriations subcommittee member Joe Skeen
(R-N.M.): $21,000,000 for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory and
$2,100,000 for the Holloman Air Force Base high speed test track.

$10,000,000 for a large millimeter wave telescope in the district of
House appropriator John Olver (D-Mass.). According to its
website <http://www.lmtgtm.org>: “The Large Millimeter
Telescope Project is the joint effort of the University of
Massachusetts at Amherst and the Instituto Nacional de
Astrofísica, Óptica, y Electrónica (INAOE) in Mexico. The LMT
is a 50m diameter millimeter-wave telescope designed for
principal operation at wavelengths between 1mm and 4mm. The
telescope is being built atop Sierra Negra, a volcanic peak in the
state of Puebla, Mexico. Site construction and fabrication of most
of the major antenna parts is underway, with telescope
construction expected to be complete in 2004.”

$5,300,000 for the National Automotive Center (NAC) in the state
of House appropriators Joseph Knollenberg (R-Mich.) and Carolyn
Kilpatrick (D-Mich.). One of the projects currently underway by
NAC is the smart truck initiative.
$3,000,000 added by the House for Tyndall Air Force Base in the
district of House appropriator F. Allen Boyd (D-Fla.).

$3,000,000 added in conference for the Tanker Lease Pilot
Program. This deal, to lease 100 Boeing 767 fuel tankers, was
tucked away in the fiscal 2002 Defense Appropriations Bill. The
General Accounting Office (GAO) estimated the cost of the sixyear
lease of the 100 tankers to be $26 to $30 billion. As an
alternative to the lease, GAO estimated the cost to upgrade,
modernize, and repair corrosion to the current fleet of KC-135Es to
be approximately $3.2 billion, a savings of more than $23 billion.

$1,000,000 added by the Senate for the Math Teacher Leadership
Program in the state of Senate Defense Appropriations
subcommittee member Tom Harkin (D-Iowa).

IV. District of Columbia

On the front lines of war on terror, the District of Columbia (D.C.)
has countless vital needs. Since members of Congress work in
D.C., they should be especially sensitive to this appropriation. In
fact, the D.C. Appropriations Bill in 2000 was entirely pork free.
Not this year. In fiscal 2003, D.C. pork increased from $10.1
million to $87.7 million, or 769 percent. Education pork totaled
$31.5 million, or 36 percent of the bill.

$19,000,000 for D.C. public charter school facilities, including
$2,000,000 for the SEED Foundation Charter School to construct
an academic center.

$12,500,000 for education studies and programs, including:
$2,000,000 to expand the Voyager Universal Literacy System to
all kindergarten and first grade classes; $1,000,000 for Real World
Schools to implement advanced technology and learning reforms;
$500,000 for the Caribbean American Mission for Education
Research and Action to build linkages between Caribbean
education entities and regional higher education institutions;
$500,000 for the American Cities Foundation to collect data on
innovative approaches to K-12 education; $500,000 for Reach for
Tomorrow to support a multi-dimensional approach to working
with middle school students; $250,000 for the Washington Opera
Education and Community Program for music education; $250,000
for Values First to implement a values infusion program; $200,000
for the National Maritime Heritage Foundation to create a new
maritime education program; and $100,000 for Project Reality for
the Game Plan abstinence program.

$100,000 for Friends of Fort Dupont to upgrade unused baseball
fields.

V. Energy and Water

Even though the federal government is drowning in a sea of red
ink, Energy and Water appropriators opened up the floodgates
with a 23 percent increase in pork over fiscal 2002. The total of
$1.7 billion in fiscal 2003 was $300 million more than last year.
While the dollars increased, the number of projects decreased 38
percent from 781 for fiscal 2002 to 487 for fiscal 2003. The end
result was still a deluge of excessive earmarks.

$218,053,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of
Senate Energy and Water Appropriations subcommittee member
Ernest “Fritz” Hollings (D-S.C.), including: $216,000,000 for
cleanup of the Savannah River site; $1,000,000 for Port Royal
Harbor; $396,000 for Town Creek; and $257,000 for the Folly
River.

$212,650,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Energy and
Water Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Pete V.
Domenici (R-N.M.) and in the district of then-House appropriator
Joe Skeen (R-N.M.), including: $54,000,000 to accelerate cleanup
remediation and waste management at Los Alamos National
Laboratory; $6,900,000 for the New Mexico Enrichment
Foundation; $6,000,000 each for Central New Mexico and Z
machine operations at Sandia National Laboratories; and $400,000
for Albuquerque metro area water and reclamation usage.

$204,250,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of
Senate Energy and Water Appropriations subcommittee member
Patty Murray (D-Wash.), including: $141,000,000 for cleanup of
the Hanford Site in Richland; $63,000,000 to accelerate cleanup of
the River Corridor and tank waste management at the Hanford
Site; and $250,000 for Salmon Creek Watershed restoration.

$68,004,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Energy and
Water Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Harry Reid
(D-Nev.), including: $2,500,000 for the petawatt laser at the
University of Nevada-Reno; $600,000 for an oral history of the
Nevada Test Site; and $390,000 for the Halfway Wash project
study.

$34,200,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Energy and Water Appropriations subcommittee member Mitch
McConnell (R-Ky.): $34,000,000 for cleanup at the Paducah
Gaseous Diffusion Plant and $200,000 for the Covington
Waterfront study.

$30,900,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$3,000,000 for Bethel bank stabilization; $2,000,000 each for
cleanup activities in Alaska and Dillingham bank stabilization; and
$100,000 each for the Fire Island Causeway, the Kenai River Bluff
erosion study, and McGrath bank stabilization.

$6,000,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-Texas): $5,000,000 for
cleanup of the Pantex Plant and $500,000 each for Leon Creek
Quarry/Mitchell Lake water and reuse and the Matagorda Ship
Channel.

$3,300,000 added in conference for the Calumet Region in the
district of House Energy and Water Appropriations Subcommittee
Ranking Member Peter Visclosky (D-Ind.).

$3,000,000 added by the House for Pinellas County in the district
of House Appropriations Committee Chairman Bill Young
(R-Fla.).

$2,550,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Energy and Water Appropriations subcommittee member Thad
Cochran (D-Miss.): $1,000,000 for the Wolf and Jordan Rivers;
$800,000 for Gulfport Harbor; and $750,000 for Biloxi Harbor.

$2,500,000 added by the House for projects in the district of House
appropriator Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.): $1,500,000 for the San
Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait and $1,000,000 for a San
Francisco Bay long-term management strategy.

VI. Foreign Operations

With all the trouble overseas, Foreign Operations pork should
have disappeared. Instead, appropriators seemed more interested
in coffee and fertilizer. Even worse, on top of the 25 percent of
total U.N. support provided by the United States, members added
$2,750,000 in U.N. pork. Total pork in the fiscal 2003 Foreign
Operations, Export Financing, and Related Agencies
Appropriations Bill increased 15 percent over fiscal 2002, from
$157.6 million to $181.4 million, and total earmarks increased 20
percent, from 25 to 30.

$25,000,000 added by the House for the International Fund for
Ireland (IFI) in support of the Anglo-Irish Accord. This U.S.
contribution to the fund is to be spent on “those projects that hold
the greatest potential for job creation and equal opportunity for the
Irish people.” Such projects have included building a replica of
the Jeanie Johnson (a Canadian ship that once ferried famine
victims across the Atlantic), a national water sports center used for
coaching top-level athletes, golf videos, and exporting sweaters.
Through war and peace, rain and shine, surplus and deficits, IFI
receives funding, accumulating $421 million since 1986.

$4,000,000 for the International Fertilizer Development Center in
the state of Senate Foreign Operations Appropriations
subcommittee member Richard Shelby (R-Ala.) and the district of
House appropriator Robert “Bud” Cramer (R-Ala.). This
appropriation smells like special interests.

$2,750,000 for U.N. programs, including $1.5 million for the U.N.
Fund for Technical Cooperation in Human Rights and $1 million
for the U.N. Development Fund for Women.

$2,500,000 added by the House in the district of then-House
Foreign Operations Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Jim
Kolbe (R-Ariz.) for the International Arid Lands Consortium in
Tucson to address the issues of water and energy in the Middle
East.

$500,000 added in conference for the International Coffee
Organization (ICO). ICO is an intergovernmental body composed
of countries that import and export coffee, and ICO “is committed
to improving conditions in the world coffee economy.” This
earmark will keep taxpayers up at night.

VII. Interior

With soaring deficits and earmarks, there is good news in the
Interior Appropriations Bill. Total pork was $344 million, or 22
percent less than last year’s tally of $443 million. In addition, the
total number of projects decreased by 10 percent from 409 to 369.

$38,250,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$9,000,000 for the Tongass National Forest; $1,000,000 for Kake
Land Exchange; $750,000 for sea otter research; $350,000 for
backcountry hut repairs; $300,000 for the Judge Wickersham
house; $250,000 for the Iditarod National Historic Trail; and
$150,000 for the Alaska Whaling Commission.

$13,589,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Robert Byrd
(D-W.Va.), including: $2,700,000 for the Wood Education and
Resource Center; $1,750,000 for the Gauley River National
Recreation Area; $1,300,000 for the Williams River Highland
scenic highway; $868,000 for infrastructure improvements at the
New River Gorge National Scenic River; and $118,000 for fish
surveys at the White Sulphur Springs National Fish Hatchery.

$12,484,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Interior
Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Conrad Burns
(R-Mont.), including: $1,800,000 for restoration at the Virginia
City National Historic Landmark; $1,000,000 for a DNA study of
bears; and $300,000 each for the Daly Mansion and the Livingston
Depot.

$10,650,000 for projects in the state of Senate Interior
Appropriations subcommittee member Robert Bennett (R-Utah),
including: $5,600,000 to replace the visitors center at Arches
National Park; $1,800,000 for the headquarters and education
center at Bear River National Wildlife Refuge; $1,600,000 for
Chalk Creek; and $200,000 for Ogden Union Station.

$9,900,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Interior Appropriations subcommittee member Ernest “Fritz”
Hollings (D-S.C.), including: $4,600,000 for Sumter National
Forest; $4,500,000 for the Waccamaw National Wildlife Refuge;
and $650,000 for a new maintenance facility at Congaree Swamp.

$7,762,000 added by then-House Interior Appropriations
subcommittee member Jack Kingston (R-Ga.), including:
$3,950,000 for the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge; $3,162,000
for Cumberland Island; $350,000 for office renovation at the
Harris Neck Wildlife Refuge; and $300,000 for the Battlefield
Park Heritage Center.

$7,050,000 for projects in the district of House Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member David Obey (D-Wisc.): $3,450,000
for Bad River Headwaters; $2,000,000 to replace domes at Schacte
Creek; and $1,600,000 for the Apostle Islands National Landmark.

$6,299,000 for projects in the state of Senate Interior
Appropriations subcommittee member Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.),
including: $2,600,000 for the Bull and Sable Mountains;
$1,500,000 for visitors center completion at the Missiquoi National
Wildlife Refuge; and $500,000 for the Ethan Allen Firehouse.

In fiscal 2003, Congress added $15 million in noncompetitive,
unauthorized earmarks through the National Park Service’s
Historic Preservation Fund, including:

$340,000 for the Roswell Museum in the district of then-House
Interior Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Joe Skeen
(R-N.M.). This could be considered an Unidentified Fiscal Object.

$250,000 for the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board in the
district of then-House Interior Appropriations subcommittee
member Martin Sabo (D-Minn.).
$200,000 for the Kingman Courthouse in the district of House
appropriator Todd Tiahrt (R-Kansas).

$200,000 for the Farnsley-Kauffman House by House appropriator
Anne Northup (R-Ky.).

$200,000 for the Duquesne Incline in Pittsburgh, Pa. This
mountain-side cable car was opened in 1877 at an original cost of
$147,000. The Port Authority of Allegheny County now owns the
Incline. Whether through fares or taxes, people have been taken
for a ride on the Incline for more than 100 years.

VIII. Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education

The fiscal 2003 Labor/HHS/Education Appropriations Bill is what
happens when legislators pass an Omnibus Appropriations bill in
February and stuff it full of pork, hoping that no one will notice.
The bill contained 1,805 projects, a 40 percent increase over last
year’s 1,290. The projects cost $1.1 billion, 10 percent less than
the $1.2 billion in fiscal 2002. In addition, 98 percent or 1,766
earmarks lacked budget requests, and 99 percent or 1,791
earmarks were added in conference.

The House failed to pass the bill, and there was no access to the
Appropriations Committee report. So, if the project was in the
conference report, but not in the Senate bill or the budget, it was
assumed that the project was added in conference.

$83,329,000 added in conference for 239 projects, or 13 percent of
total Labor/HHS pork, in the state of then-Senate Labor/HHS
Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Arlen Specter
(R-Pa.), and the districts of House Labor/HHS Appropriations
subcommittee members John Peterson (R-Pa.) and Donald
Sherwood (R-Pa.), and House appropriators John P. Murtha
(D-Pa.) and Chaka Fattah (D-Pa.), including: $20,000,000 for
Pennsylvania’s Department of Education to provide assistance
through subgrants to low-performing school districts that are slated
for takeover and/or on the Education Empowerment List; $725,000
for the Please Touch Museum in Philadelphia for educational
hands-on learning programs; $700,000 for the Silver Ring Thing
Program in Sewickley; $200,000 for the Allentown Civic Theatre
for education programs; $150,000 for the State College YMCA for
education initiatives; and $50,000 for the Philadelphia Foundation
for a Sports and Entertainment Career Expo.

$36,101,000 added in conference in the state of then-Senate
Labor/HHS Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Tom Harkin
(D-Iowa) and House appropriator Tom Latham (R-Iowa),
including: $2,000,000 for the Iowa Communications Network
statewide fiber optic demonstration; $800,000 for the Davenport
Music History Museum; $250,000 for Family Communications,
Inc. to implement the National Preschool Anger Management
Project; $300,000 for Iowa State University for the Universal
Kitchen Design Project; and $100,000 for National History Day
for a history competition.

$34,900,000 added in conference for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Robert Byrd
(D-W.Va.), including: $11,000,000 for Marshall University;
$4,000,000 for the Raleigh County Commission; $2,750,000 for
the West Virginia School for Osteopathic Medicine for the Robert
C. Byrd Clinic; $1,700,000 for West Liberty State College to equip
its residence halls with Internet access; and $150,000 for the
Tiskelwah Community Center in Charleston for the Bob Burdette
after school program.

$27,810,000 added in conference for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens
(R-Alaska), including: $2,000,000 for the state of Alaska Health
Families/Better Beginnings home visiting program; $1,000,000 for
the Galena School District for distance education programs;
$700,000 for the Department of Education’s Remedial Summer
Tutoring Program; $400,000 for the Humanities Forum to develop
Alaska state history texts and curriculum, including oral history;
and $50,000 each for the city of Anatuvik Pass museum, the
Imaginarium Science Center in Anchorage, and the Kodiak
Maritime Museum.

$24,310,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
Labor/HHS subcommittee member Thad Cochran (R-Miss.) and
the district of House Labor/HHS Appropriations subcommittee
member Roger Wicker (R-Miss.), including: $4,000,000 for the
University of Mississippi in Jackson; $2,500,000 for the state of
Mississippi Workforce Training Program; $1,000,000 for the
automated nursery project; $950,000 for Mississippi State
University for the Center for Advance Vehicular Systems; and
$150,000 for the Smith Robertson Museum in Jackson.

$18,585,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) and the districts of House
Labor/HHS Appropriations subcommittee member Anne Northup
(R-Ky.) and House appropriator Harold Rogers (R-Ky.), including:
$6,300,000 for the University of Louisville; $1,200,000 for
Western Kentucky University’s Center for Engineering and
Biological Sciences; $800,000 for the Kentucky Communities
Economic Opportunity Council, Inc. in Barbourville; $535,000 for
18 individual after school programs in Louisville; $500,000 for the
St. Catherine College Allied Health and Science Complex;
$100,000 for the Jackson County Community Theatre in Mckee for
equipment; and $75,000 for the Kentucky Opry in Prestonsburg for
equipment and operating expenses.

$17,593,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
Labor/HHS Appropriations subcommittee member Herbert Kohl
(D-Wisc.) and the district of House Labor/HHS Subcommittee
Ranking Member David Obey (D-Wisc.), including: $5,000,000
for after school programs in just seven of Wisconsin’s 426 public
school districts; $1,500,000 for the Stevens Point Area School
District to implement smaller learning communities; $800,000 for
the Wisconsin Association of Independent Colleges and
Universities for a collaboration project to consolidate
administrative operations; $700,000 for the Medical College of
Wisconsin; $650,000 for Wisconsin Educational Partnerships, Inc.
in Chippewa Falls; $500,000 for the Chippewa Valley Technical
Center in Eau Claire; and $50,000 for the Flambeau School
District in Troy to create a national parks virtual reality education
program.

$7,548,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
Labor/HHS Appropriations subcommittee member Ernest “Fritz”
Hollings (D-S.C.) and in the district of House appropriator James
Clyburn (D-S.C.), including: $500,000 for the State Board for
Technical and Comprehensive Education in Columbia for distance
learning programs; $416,000 for the Advanced Technology
Institute’s Telehealth Deployment Center in North Charleston; and
$50,000 for the Marion County Library to establish a computer
lab.

$7,150,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
Labor/HHS Appropriations subcommittee member Harry Reid
(D-Nev.), including: $1,000,000 for the University of Nevada,
Reno to upgrade its information technology infrastructure;
$350,000 for the Nevada State Historical Preservation Office; and
$50,000 for the Nevada Women’s Fund in Reno.

$1,190,000 added in conference for the National Baseball Hall of
Fame in Cooperstown, N.Y. ($750,000); the Rock and Roll Hall of
Fame in Cleveland, Ohio ($350,000); and the National Cowgirl
Museum and Hall of Fame in Fort Worth, Texas ($90,000).

$800,000 added in conference for the GRAMMY Foundation in
Santa Monica, California for music and arts education. The
appropriators should scale back such earmarks.

$400,000 added in conference in the district of House appropriator
John Murtha (D-Pa.) for the Pennsylvania Trolley Museum in
Washington for exhibit development and educational programs.
Taxpayers are being taken for this ride.

IX. Legislative Branch

Members of Congress remain wary of a terrorist attack and have
taken steps to improve security around the Capitol. But, like every
other appropriations bill, the Legislative Branch Appropriations
Bill is full of pork that will not make them – or other denizens of
Washington, D.C. – safer from the threats facing the nation. The
number of projects increased from 6 to 29, or by 383 percent, over
fiscal 2002. Total spending went from $34.5 million in fiscal 2002
to $71.8 million in fiscal 2003, an increase of 108 percent.

$18,165,000 for design, study and condition assessments:
$10,020,000 for House office buildings; $5,065,000 for the Capitol
building; $1,750,000 for Senate office buildings; $580,000 for the
Capitol grounds; and $120,000 for the Botanic Garden.

$2,000,000 for the Open World Leadership Center. This program,
previously called the Russian Leadership Development Fund,
received $8,000,000 in fiscal 2002. Past uses of this fund include
flying Russian political, business and community leaders to the
United States to visit the Festival Flea Market in Florida and a
swing dance.

$1,800,000 for the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review
Commission. This organization was established in October 2000
to monitor, investigate and report to Congress on the national
security implications of the bilateral economic relationship with
the Peoples Republic of China. That would appear to duplicate the
duties of the U.S. Trade Representative, the Departments of
Commerce and State, and the numerous committees and
subcommittees of the U.S. Congress.

$470,000 for the Capitol West Lawn for power requirements for
concerts.

X. Military Construction

Once again, appropriators brought out their tools to build a porkfilled
Military Construction Appropriations Bill. The total amount
of pork in fiscal 2003 was $1.2 billion, or 33 percent more than
last year’s total of $881 million. Total earmarks increased 25
percent, from 152 to 190. The protection of parochial interests
took precedence over national interests in this bill.

$54,900,000 for projects in the state of Senate Military
Construction Appropriations subcommittee member Daniel Inouye
(D-Hawaii), including: $19,400,000 for site improvements for the
Navy at Ford Island; $13,000,000 for an access road for the Army
at Pohakuloa; and $2,000,000 for a biomedical center for Tripler
Army Hospital in Honolulu.

$44,400,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens
(R-Alaska), including: $19,500,000 for the Blair Lakes Range
Maintenance Complex for Eielson Air Force Base; $15,000,000
for a community center at Fort Richardson; $2,700,000 for a widebody
aircraft hangar at Elmendorf Air Force Base; and $1,500,000
for a Military Police emergency vehicle storage facility at Fort
Wainwright.

$30,795,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Military Construction Appropriations Subcommittee
Ranking Member Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-Texas), including:
$10,600,000 for the Wing Support Complex at Goodfellow Air
Force Base; $5,480,000 for the Navy at the Mine Warfare Training
Center at Ingleside; $1,000,000 for the Navy for the Replace Fuel

Farm at Kingsville; and $220,000 for railroad crossing gates at
Laughlin Air Force Base.

$26,793,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Military Construction Appropriations subcommittee member Tim
Johnson (D-S.D.), including: $13,200,000 for an operations
facility at Ellsworth Air Force Base; $10,593,000 for barracks,
dining, administration, and parking for the Army National Guard at
Camp Rapid; and $1,500,000 for a bachelor officer/enlisted
quarters for the Army National Guard at Fort Meade.

$22,725,000 for projects in the state of Senate appropriator Harry
Reid (D-Nev.), including: $19,500,000 for land acquisition at
Nellis Air Force Base; $1,475,000 for a UAV facility for the Navy
at Fallon; and $850,000 for a readiness center for the Army
National Guard at Henderson.

$20,915,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Robert Byrd
(D-W.Va.): $15,200,000 for the Air National Guard at
Martinsburg and $5,715,000 for a readiness center for the Army
National Guard at Lewisburg.

$18,800,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Thad Cochran (R-Miss.), including: $10,500,000 for
bachelor enlisted quarters for the Navy at Pascagoula; $5,000,000
for land/water ranges for the Special Operations Command at the
Stennis Space Center; $2,300,000 for a readiness center for the
Army National Guard at Kosciusko; and $300,000 for a readiness
center for the Army National Guard at Clarksdale.

$13,700,000 added by the House for an aircraft surveillance radar
system at Twentynine Palms in the district of House appropriator
Jerry Lewis (R-Calif.).

$12,000,000 added by the Senate for a parking apron for the Air
Force at Barksdale in the state of Senate Military Construction
Appropriations subcommittee member Mary Landrieu (D-La.).

$10,170,000 added by the Senate for the Seabee Training Facility
for the Navy at Port Hueneme in the state of then-Senate Military
Construction Appropriations Subcommittee Chair Dianne
Feinstein (D-Calif.).

$4,973,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Military Construction Appropriations subcommittee member
Conrad Burns (R-Mont.): $3,500,000 for a load training crew
facility for the Air National Guard in Gore Hill/Great Falls and
$1,473,000 for a post engineer maintenance facility for the Army
National Guard at Fort Harrison.

$3,500,000 added by the Senate in the state of Senate appropriator
Richard Shelby (R-Ala.) for a physical fitness center for the Army
at Fort Rucker.

$2,758,000 added by the House for projects in the district of House
appropriator Jack Kingston (R-Ga.): $1,600,000 for a command
and control facility and $1,158,000 for an aviation support facility
at Fort Stewart.

XI. Transportation

The Transportation Appropriations Bill has always been a popular
avenue for appropriators to transport pork from the U.S. Treasury
to their states and districts. Even though the trough was still full,
total pork decreased by 14 percent from $3.6 billion in fiscal 2002
to $3.1 billion in fiscal 2003. The total number of projects
increased 2 percent from 1,478 to 1,501.

$131,948,000 for projects in the state of Senate appropriator Mitch
McConnell (R-Ky.), the district of then-House Transportation
Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman Harold Rogers (R-Ky.),
and the district of House appropriator Anne Northup (R-Ky.),
including: $15,500,000 for the Monticello Street Overpass;
$13,000,000 for Toll Road repayment of bonds; $4,500,000 for the
Bowling Green Riverfront Project; $1,800,000 for Somerset
downtown revitalization; $1,200,000 for the Somerset pedestrian
overpass; $1,000,000 for Pikesville parking and transit facility
enhancements; $750,000 for the Owensboro Waterfront
Development Project; and $530,000 for the Louisville
Waterfront/Frankfort Avenue historical entryway.

$109,740,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Transportation Appropriations Subcommittee Chair Patty
Murray (D-Wash.), including: $16,000,000 to rebuild the Seattle
Pier #36; $10,000,000 for the FAST Corridor Project; $3,000,000
for Pierce County buses and bus facilities; $3,000,000 for
Snohomish County Community Transit park and ride; $2,000,000
for Lynnwood intelligent transportation systems; $1,500,000 for

Union Gap Valley Mall Boulevard; $800,000 for the Washington
State ferries wireless connection project; and $100,000 for
Aberdeen downtown revitalization.

$83,900,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$22,000,000 for Alaska Railroad Rehabilitation ($112 million has
been added for this project without a budget or House request over
the last eight years); $9,600,000 for the Seward loading facility;
$2,500,000 for Shotgun Cove Road; $2,000,000 for Ted Stevens
Anchorage International Airport; $500,000 for transit planning on
the Kenai Peninsula; and $500,000 for Southeast Alaska Seatrails.

$57,525,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Transportation Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking
Member Richard Shelby (R-Ala.), including: $20,000,000 for the
Tuscaloosa Eastern Bypass; $10,000,000 for I-10 in Dothan;
$500,000 for the Selma Riverfront Project; and $500,000 for the
Ruffner Mountain Nature Center.

$51,950,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Robert Byrd
(D-W.Va.), including: $10,000,000 for Route 9 in Jefferson and
Berkeley counties; $9,000,000 for the Coalfields Expressway in
McDowell County; $4,500,000 for the Canvas Bridge in Nicholas
County; $4,000,000 for statewide buses and bus facilities;
$1,000,000 for statewide job access and reverse commute grants;
and $950,000 for the Charleston Renaissance Gateway Project.

$27,433,000 for projects in the state of Senate Transportation
Appropriations Subcommittee member Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.)
and the district of House appropriator Steny Hoyer (D-Md.),
including: $8,000,000 for statewide buses and bus facilities;
$5,000,000 for the Russell Street Viaduct replacement in
Baltimore; $1,000,000 for the city of Baltimore public waterfront
promenade; $400,000 for the Western Maryland Low Impact
Welcome Center at Byron Overlook; and $150,000 for Rockville
pedestrian access.

$27,350,000 for projects in the state of House appropriator Patrick
Kennedy (D-R.I.), including: $3,000,000 for Rhode Island buses
and alternatively fueled infrastructure; $3,000,000 for the
Blackstone River Valley Bikeway; $1,000,000 for Woonsocket
Depot rehabilitation; $750,000 for University of Rhode Island
Student Transportation Services; $500,000 for the Newport Trolley
Project; and $450,000 for Newport Harbor water shuttles.

$24,530,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.), including: $2,000,000 each
for Missisquoi Bay Bridge Reconstruction, covered bridges, and
William H. Morse Airport; $1,000,000 for Springfield downtown
redevelopment; and $380,000 for the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller
Park pedestrian walkway.

$20,400,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of Senate
Transportation Appropriations subcommittee member Arlen
Specter (R-Pa.), including: $9,000,000 for a metro project in the

Schuylkill Valley; $2,000,000 for the Easton Intermodal Terminal;
$2,000,000 for the Hershey Intermodal Transportation Center;
$550,000 for a road/trail/bikeway along the Delaware River;
$500,000 for York County buses; and $250,000 for the Hot Metal
Bridge.

$7,287,000 for projects in the district of House Transportation
Appropriations subcommittee member Todd Tiahrt (R-Kansas):
$4,000,000 for Wichita Intelligent Transportation Systems;
$1,200,000 for the Wichita Transit Authority; $1,000,000 for
reconstruction of I-135 in Sedgewick County; $687,000 for the
Wichita Riverwalk on the Arkansas River; and $400,000 for the
city of Wichita mini-transfer station.

$3,000,000 for Key West, Florida, equally divided at $1,000,000
each for job access and reverse commute grants, ferry facilities,
and buses and bus facilities. With a population of 28,000, this $3
million averages out to $107 per person in Key West.

$750,000 added by the House for hovercraft development in
Toledo, Ohio, in the district of House appropriator Marcy Kaptur
(D-Ohio). “Promotional” material sent out by the Ohio Lake Erie
Commission in early 2001 noted that the next step for the
hovercraft was for the potential private operator to determine the
financial feasibility of the venture. In an October 2002 report,
Brian Schwartz, the Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority’s
communication director, said the craft, which would shuttle
passengers between Toledo and Windsor, Ontario, won’t be
purchased until his agency renovates a marina into an
entertainment district and builds a ferry terminal.

XII. Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government

Total Treasury/Postal Service/General Government pork was
down 15 percent this year from $228.5 million in fiscal 2002 to
$193 million in fiscal 2003. This reduction can largely be
attributed to the 82 percent decrease in the cost of unrequested
courthouse construction projects, from $55 million for fiscal 2002
to $10 million for fiscal 2003. The number of projects decreased
52 percent, from 65 to 31.

$9,300,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Treasury/Postal
Service Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Ben
Nighthorse Campbell (R-Colo.): $9,000,000 for the Rogers
Courthouse Renovation Project in Denver for demolition and
asbestos removal and $300,000 for the University of Colorado
Health Science Center’s Digital Telehealth Project.

$4,200,000 added by the Senate in the state of Senate appropriator
Pete Domenici (R-N.M.) for a new classroom building at the
Artesia Federal Law Enforcement Center. Since fiscal 2000, this
center has received $17.4 million.

$3,750,000 added by the Senate in the state of then-Senate
Appropriations Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (RAlaska)
for a regional facility in Anchorage for site acquisition.

$2,550,000 added by the Senate for academic projects in the state
of then-Senate Treasury/Postal Service Appropriations

Subcommittee Chairman Byron Dorgan (D-N.D.): $1,500,000 for
Minot State University; $750,000 for the Center for Agriculture
Policy and Trade Studies at North Dakota State University; and
$300,000 for the Upper Great Plains Native American Telehealth
Program.

$1,000,000 added by the Senate in the state of Senate appropriator
Arlen Specter (R-Pa.) for the Rosenn Federal Courthouse in
Wilkes-Barre.

$1,075,000 added in conference for projects in the state of Senate
appropriator Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-Texas): $750,000 for the
Southwest Texas State University ALERRT program; $200,000
for the University of Texas border protection management
program; and $125,000 for the smart border technology program at
the Texas Transportation Institute.

$150,000 added by the Senate in the state of Senate appropriator
Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.) for the Vermont World Trade Center. Last
year, the Trade Center received $250,000.

XIII. Veterans Affairs, Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies

Every year the VA/HUD Appropriations Bill is an earmark freefor-
all. Even as current and future veterans do battle in Iraq to
protect freedom and liberty, members of Congress fight to preserve
their pork. HUD did not request any earmarks for Economic
Development Initiative grants, but Congress added 889 projects
totaling $260 million for everything from the National Peanut
Festival in Dothan, Alabama to aquatic centers in Alaska,
California, and Missouri. Total pork increased by 6 percent from
$1.5 billion to $1.6 billion, and total projects increased 18 percent
from 1,428 in fiscal 2002 to 1,683 in fiscal 2003.

$39,913,000 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Chairman Robert Byrd (D-W.Va.) and House
VA/HUD Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Alan
Mollohan (D-W.Va.), including: $5,732,000 for the Vandalia
Heritage Foundation, Inc. for development needs, community and
neighborhood revitalization, and economic diversification;
$2,700,000 for Glenville State College in Summersville for the
construction of a new campus community education center;
$2,000,000 for West Virginia Wesleyan College in Buckhannon
for renovation/expansion of a science hall; $1,800,000 for Potomac
State College in Keyser for renovation of a library; $1,800,000 for
the National Technology Transfer Center at Wheeling Jesuit
University; $720,000 for the Grant County Commission for
construction of a campus community center; $504,000 for the city
of Wellsburg for replacement of the 11th Street wastewater lift
station; and $500,000 for science and information technology
programs at West Liberty State College.

$39,048,200 for projects in the state of Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations subcommittee member Richard Shelby (R-Ala.)
and the districts of House appropriators Robert Aderholdt (R-Ala.),
Sonny Callahan (R-Ala.), and Robert Cramer (D-Ala.), including:
$2,700,000 for Tuscaloosa for the Downtown Revitalization
Project; $1,507,000 for Spring Hill College in Mobile for
construction of a new library and Regional Resource Learning
Center; $710,000 for the Mobile Historic Development
Commission for a neighborhood initiative program; $270,000 to
Haleyville for a downtown revitalization project; $250,000 for the
city of Talladega for the restoration of Historic Antique Talladega;
and $202,500 for the National Peanut Festival Fairgrounds for
construction of the National Peanut Festival Agriculture Arena in
Dothan. Sometimes you feel like a nut.

$36,537,500 for projects in the state of then-Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations Subcommittee Ranking Member Christopher “Kit”
Bond (R-Mo.) and House appropriator Jo Ann Emerson (R-Mo.),
including: $2,490,000 for the Applied Urban Research Institute
for a community development initiative; $1,350,000 for
infrastructure and research needs at the University of Missouri
Center for Gender Physiology; $1,000,000 for Kansas City for
streetscape improvements in the downtown library district;
$1,000,000 for the Palestine Economic Development Corporation
for the development of an Urban Assisted Living Center in Kansas
City; $900,000 for development of the Show Me Aquatic Center;
$810,000 for St. Louis for lighting, sidewalks, curbs, and street
furniture along Kings Highway Boulevard and Chippewa Street;
$500,000 for Cape Girardeau for downtown revitalization; $90,000
for Montgomery City for streetscape improvements; and $81,000
for Stanberry for revitalization of the city’s bandstand.

$34,485,000 for projects in the district of House VA/HUD
Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman James Walsh (R-N.Y.),
including: $6,885,000 for the Environmental Systems Center of
Excellence at Syracuse University; $1,700,000 for DestiNY USA
in Syracuse for environmental construction and development of
lands adjoining Onondaga Lake and the New York State Canal
System; $890,000 for facilities expansion for the Everson Museum
of Art in Syracuse; $405,000 for Syracuse for sidewalks, street
lighting and furniture improvements, and building renovations for
the North Salina Street Corridor; $405,000 for Syracuse for
construction of an International Tourism Center at the Carousel
Center; and $67,500 for renovations of the Syracuse Opera House.

$30,772,750, for projects in the state of then-Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations Subcommittee Chair Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.)
and House appropriator Steny Hoyer (D-Md.), including:
$3,600,000 for Baltimore for water and wastewater infrastructure
improvements; $1,350,000 for expansion of the earth science hall
at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore; $540,000 for
Baltimore for the Main Street Initiative; $450,000 for Montgomery
County for the revitalization of Fenton Street Village; $180,000 for
St. Mary’s College for waterfront facilities construction; $112,000
for the city of Rockville for sidewalks, pedestrian amenities,
lighting, and beautification improvements for the Rockville Town
Center Redevelopment Project; $90,000 for the city of La Plata for
the planning of a parking facility; and $90,000 for the Olney
Theater Center for the Arts for the construction of a theater.

$20,361,500 for projects in the state of Senate appropriator Thad
Cochran (R-Miss.) and House VA/HUD Appropriations
subcommittee member Roger Wicker (R-Miss.), including:
$2,700,000 for the development of a visitors center at the Stennis
Space Center; $980,000 for the University of Southern Mississippi
for the development of a National Center for Excellence in
Economic Development; $900,000 for Madison for downtown
revitalization; $900,000 for Alcorn State University for the
construction and rehabilitation of buildings; $270,000 for Pinola
for the renovation of the historic Pinola School House; and
$180,000 for Jackson for the development of the Farish Street
Historic Center; $90,000 for the Sonny Montgomery Leadership
Institute of Meridian for an economic development planning study;
and $90,000 for the town of Wesson for the restoration of the
Wesson School Building.

$18,705,150 for projects in the state of Senate appropriator Mitch
McConnell (R-Ky.) and the district of House VA/HUD
Appropriations subcommittee member Anne Northup (R-Ky.),
including: $2,700,000 for construction at the University of
Louisville Library; $1,350,000 for the Bio-MEMS
Microtechnology Center at the University of Louisville; $405,000
for the London-Laurel County Tourist Commission for facilities
construction for the Blue-Gray Civil War Theme Park; $405,000
for the Pine Mountain Settlement School of Harlan County for
facilities expansion and renovation; $225,000 for the First
Gethsemane Center in Louisville for renovation of facilities;
$202,500 for the city of Lebanon for facilities construction for the
Center Square project; and $90,000 for the Neighborhood House in
Louisville to furnish the community center.

$16,160,750 for projects in the state of then-Senate Appropriations
Committee Ranking Member Ted Stevens (R-Alaska), including:
$1,800,000 for an air quality program for Fairbanks, North Star
Borough; $900,000 for Petersburgh for waterfront improvements;
$900,000 for Alaska Pacific University for the restoration of an
historic property in Anchorage; $900,000 for expansion of the
Anchorage Museum; $450,000 for the Tongass Coast Aquarium in
Ketchikan; $405,000 for the city of Petersburg for construction of
an aquatic center; and $202,500 to continue the rehabilitation of
the former Alaska Pulp Company Mill Site in Sitka.

$14,913,500 for projects in the state of then-Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations subcommittee member Conrad Burns (R-Mont.),
including: $1,800,000 for the Center for Life in Extreme
Environments at Montana State University; $1,800,000 for the
North Rockies Center for Space Privatization and Microgravity
Research at the University of Montana-Missoula; $900,000 for the
International Earth Observing System Natural Resources Training
Center at the University of Montana; $450,000 for the TechRanch
in Bozeman; and $180,000 for the Bozeman Rail Depot
remediation project.

$12,150,000 for projects in the state of Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations subcommittee member Tim Johnson (D-S.D.),
including: $2,700,000 for the Wapka Historical Society in Fort
Pierre for the Wapka Sica Reconciliation Center; $630,000 for the
Center for the Conservation of Biological Resources at Black Hills
State University; $360,000 for the city of Brookings for downtown
redevelopment; and $270,000 for the city of Sturgis for the
construction of a community library.

$9,990,000 for projects in the state of Senate VA/HUD
Appropriations subcommittee member Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.),
including: $1,530,000 for the Champlain Water District for
Chittenden County stormwater infrastructure improvements;
$810,000 for the Vermont Housing Board and Conservation Board
for infrastructure and other costs related to affordable housing;
$450,000 for the Vermont Institute of Science for the construction
of a new public education and wildlife center; and $360,000 each
for neighborhood revitalization in Burlington and for building
renovations for the Lund Family Center in Burlington.

$8,640,000 for projects in the district of House appropriator Jerry
Lewis (R-Calif.), including: $3,600,000 for the Space Radiation
Program at Loma Linda University Hospital; $405,000 for the
town of Apple Valley for construction of an aquatic center;
$121,500 for the city of Twentynine Palms for construction of the
Twentynine Palms Visitor Center; $81,000 for the county of San
Bernardino for facilities expansion of the Big Bear Zoo; and
$81,000 for the county of San Bernardino for facilities renovation,
sidewalk, and façade improvements of the Crestline
Revitalization/Houston Creek project.

$7,794,000 added by the Senate for projects in the state of then-
Senate VA/HUD Appropriations subcommittee member Herb Kohl
(D-Wisc.), including: $1,800,000 for the city of Milwaukee for the
Central Metropolitan Interceptor Improvement Project; $675,000
for the city of Milwaukee for the Menomonee River Valley
Redevelopment project; $225,000 for the city of Burlington for the
development of the Bel-Mur site; $225,000 for the YMCA in
Milwaukee for the rehabilitation of two central city properties;
$225,000 for the city of Eau Claire for downtown revitalization;
and $135,000 for the city of Racine for neighborhood
redevelopment.

$2,790,000 added by the House for projects in the district of House
VA/HUD Appropriations subcommittee member Marcy Kaptur
(D-Ohio): $1,620,000 for Toledo for the development of the
facilities related to its Methane Biogases Capture and Reuse
Initiative; $900,000 for the Toledo Lucas County Port Authority
for facilities construction and renovation at the Toledo Shipyard;
and $270,000 for Where Toledo Grows/Greenhouse Row for
construction of a welcome center.

$1,215,000 added by the House for projects in St. Petersburg in the
district of House Appropriations Committee Chairman Bill Young
(R-Fla.): $900,000 for a redevelopment project for facilities
renovation and improvements for a business development center;
$225,000 for Family Resources for construction of a crisis shelter
and family counseling center; and $90,000 for completion of
facilities improvements at the Florida Botanical Garden and Folk
Cultural Center.

$900,000 added by the Senate for the Denver Art Museum in the
state of Senate appropriator Ben “Nighthorse” Campbell (R-Colo.).
According to its 2001–2002 annual report, the Denver Art
Museum Foundation has assets with a market value of more than
$35 million.

$324,000 added by the House for projects in the district of House
appropriator Todd Tiahrt (R-Kansas): $234,000 for facilities
renovation and expansion of the Oaklawn Community Resource
Center in Sedgwick County and $90,000 for facilities renovation
and improvements for the Evergreen Public Library in Wichita.

$90,000 added by the House for the American Film Institute in Los
Angeles for renovation of facilities. That’s two minutes of screen
time for a well-paid actor.

Historical Trends